Eels
© Toru Hanai

NARITA - The multi-billion-euro black market in European eels is one of the world's most lucrative and sophisticated environmental crimes, and it all starts in Europe. Organised crime groups are smuggling them to Asia via third countries, and this trade is pushing the species to the brink of extinction within a decade.

One of the biggest illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing networks starts in Europe, with the European eel. It's seen as the most sophisticated environmental crime, and the industry brings in $2.5 billion a year. 25% of European eels are smuggled into Asia every year. The world's biggest criminal networks are supporting this black market, and it could mean the European eel is extinct in ten years.

Even though it's illegal to sell European eel outside the EU, the fish are "laundered" via third countries. Until now, there hasn't been much reporting on how criminal networks work and what happens once the eels leave Europe. This transnational investigation used a systemic, data-driven approach and confidential sources to shed light on the smuggling route.

Image by Toru Hanai.

Supported
€27,000 allocated on 27/02/2025
ID:
ENV1/2025/638

Publication

ONLINE

PRINT

  • Anguilla connection. Traffici, clan (e chi resiste), Il Milllenmium, num. 93, agosto 2025
  • Predoni di anguille, La Via Libera, n. 34 2025, pp. 55-57
  • Le anguille a rischio estinzione fra bracconieri e mercato illegale, La Nuova Ferrara, 01/11/2025, p. 28-29L

VIDEO

FOLLOW UP

COUNTRIES

  • France
  • Italy
  • Spain
  • East Asia

Team members

Mentors

Need resources for your own investigative story?

Journalismfund Europe's flexible grants programmes enable journalists to produce relevant public interest stories with a European mind-set from international, national, and regional perspectives.

Support independent cross-border investigative journalism

We rely on your support to continue the work that we do. Make a gift of any amount today.